My Development as a Future leader

Now let’s start this with my own style of leadership and I consider myself as a situational leader. I prefer that as best style of leadership.

‘Leaders are made, they are not born. They are made by hard effort, which is the price all of us must pay to achieve any goal that is worthwhile.’ (Vince Lombardi, American football coach)

I took the view of Vince to my heart and made it work out on my daily life, and it worked for me as a leader. I prefer the situational leader style because of it the way a leader should be. Sometimes it helped me to lead even by just standing from behind and not just leading from the front. The leaders should not always be in front to lead. He should let the others in his team let the chance of leading. If a leader always does for himself, he could more of a dictator which do it most of the stuff for himself.

Now let’s see leadership with a different perspective what is important in leadership is according to Mike Brent and Fiona Elsa Dent.

 According to them, a leader should understand a relationship style which he wants to follow then understands when can a relationship goes wrong? One of the important parts of the relation is networking which creates a better one. Creating a right impression on the followers by adapting listening skills, trust and authenticity, rapport and empathy (Brent and Dent, 2010). These are the skills accordingly I want to work on it to get better out of my skills.

Relevance to My Career

A style which fits in my career as a situational leader because as I want to become a businessman, A head of manufacturing company in India. As in India, it has been found out that the executive uses highly power oriented and controlling behaviour (Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner, 2015). It has shown that even that seems to favour organisations (Western and Garcia, 2018).

Since globalization, there is changing scenario and new challenges, according to recent study millennial Indians look for leaders who are mentors and coaches and I want to be a leader which have skills and more flexible participative in my approach to attract followers I want to change the way leadership was in India. To a way as it is in western countries and respects my employees to the level, they feel like a part of their of life not just that they are working. I want to create an environment of my company where any individual dreams to work by promoting employees and creating them my assets.

Strengths and Development needs

As to my strengths and development I must conclude it with views of my friends which are also my group members:

According to Masood

My Strengths

• Determined in any task. Committed to my goals.
•  Adaptability to different cultures.

Developments Needed

• More work on influencing others.

PP says that

My strengths

• Always available when the team needs for the task
  • As an individual gets along very well

Developments need:

• A valuable team member with a lot of potential to contribute being hindered poor communication.

Development plan

My plan for my development depends upon my MBA and my experience in the UK. My major is in Global Business which comes with multiples actions which are needed in my career after my MBA. My leading module helped me in learning a deep knowledge of leadership which helped me to gain better skills in leadership skills, my assignment of this module was to write blogs about organisation culture which helped to understand the cultures of different organisations, I have wrote about the Volkswagen company which helped to know that why culture is so important the after it I had to write about leadership styles in which I got to know about my leadership styles and the way I was leading with research I got to know about how contemporary leadership styles are so relevant, after that the change management which is really a very essential part of surviving in the regularly changing environment I got knowledge about market research and details in this regards. Now after all this I have got command on basic skills in leadership, now I am really looking forward to being in my second semester and get to know about more details of the business world.

References

Brent, M. and Dent, F. (2010). The leader’s guide to influence. Harlow, England: Pearson Financial Times Prentice Hall.

Abib-Pech, M. (2013). The Financial Times guide to leadership [electronic resource]. Harlow: Pearson Education. 

Trompenaars, A. and Hampden-Turner, C. (2015). Riding the waves of culture. London: Nicholas Brealey Publishing.

Western, S. and Garcia, E. (2018). Global leadership perspectives. london: Sage publications Ltd.  

Change management refers to a set of basic tools intended to keep any change attempt under control (Kotter, 2019).

A central feature of the successful business organization is the diagnosis of culture, health and performance, and the ability to change. It involves the applications of organisation to adapt to change. It involves the applications of the organisational behaviour and recognition of the social processes of the organisation (Mullins and Christy, 2016).

As globalisation is taking the world rapidly the managers are reforming the same way. Change in technology, global environment, change in customers preferences are the change that is taking a massive part in the progressing world. Now the managers are changing accordingly in this environment, as Jeff Bezos has said ‘Rapid technological changes create huge opportunities for companies bold enough to seize them’.

BREXIT and article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty

Company for analysis

Rolls Royce plc is aerospace designers and manufacturers of gas turbines and power systems. Its headquarters is based in the UK. Rolls Royce says that they are the 2nd largest provider of defence aircraft engines and products (Ibisworld, 2019). In February 2017 they posted a loss of £4.6 billion before tax (Ruddick, 2017).

Effects on Rolls-Royce

Rolls Royce plc says that in a plan to invest for long term in the UK there must be a better relationship with the EU. There could be a high tax on the mobility of goods from one place to other if customs duty is not eradicated from the BREXIT deal. There could be a possible tax of 1.5 billion pounds. Any barriers could restrict the employment, revenue and employment for any industry. For aircraft manufacturer, there is constant mobility of the material and components to cross borders many times to get a specialised process (Rolls-royce, 2017). They reported a loss of £4.6 bn in 2016 due to the decreasing value of pound because of BREXIT (Johnston, 2017).

Action plan

Rolls-Royce is planning to stockpile parts and move with some approvals from as planning for hard BREXIT (Jolly, 2019). The engine makers based in Derby stocked up for one month’s weight of inventory as a measure of hard BREXIT. RR is shifting design approval to Germany from the UK its has to work with the European aviation safety group agency (Bow, 2018). Rolls also maintaining strong balance sheet through managing cash balances and reducing the debt. It is providing financial flexibility by maintaining a high level of liquidity to prevent themselves at the time hard time (Rolls-royce, 2017).

Analysing through strategies

The company analysed the urgency of needs to stock components then build a coalition with its suppliers to remove barriers in case or urgency to win short term goal and achieve long term goals. The rolls Royce followed the process of leading in a manner to could profit their organisation at the time of need.

My Key Points

From learning and going into deep in this company and following their goals and visions I observed that change is evitable. The better the study of a market the better the goals and objectives to avoid the situations and even overcome the situations. Mr East took the action of stockpiling the components for the company in the case of hard Brexit it could have seized the operations of the company if the stock from suppliers took enough time to reach the manufacturer (Bow, 2018).

References

Bow, M. (2018). Political turmoil sees Rolls-Royce keep Brexit stockpiling. [online] Evening Standard. Available at: https://www.standard.co.uk/business/political-turmoil-sees-rollsroyce-keep-brexit-stockpiling-a4015276.html [Accessed 7 Apr. 2019].

BBC News. (2019). Brexit triggered: What happens now?. [online] Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39143978 [Accessed 7 Apr. 2019].

ibisworld.co.uk. (2019). Market Research Reports | IBISWorld UK. [online] Available at: https://clients1.ibisworld.co.uk/reports/uk/industry/majorcompanies.aspx?entid=2015#MP119 [Accessed 7 Apr. 2019].

Johnston, C. (2017). Rolls-Royce warns against ‘hard Brexit’. [online] BBC News. Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-40332913 [Accessed 7 Apr. 2019].

Jolly, J. (2019). Rolls-Royce to stockpile parts in case of hard Brexit. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/dec/12/rolls-royce-plans-to-move-regulatory-approvals-to-germany [Accessed 7 Apr. 2019].

Kotter, j. (2019). Change Management vs. Change Leadership — What’s the Difference?. [online] Forbes.com. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/johnkotter/2011/07/12/change-management-vs-change-leadership-whats-the-difference/#5d0121c74cc6 [Accessed 7 Apr. 2019].

Mullins, L. and Christy, G. (2016). Management & organisational behaviour. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.

Rolls-royce. (2017). [online] Available at:

Click to access 2017-full-annual-report.pdf

[Accessed 7 Apr. 2019].

Ruddick, G. (2017). Rolls-Royce posts biggest loss in its history. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/feb/14/rolls-royce-posts-largest-loss-in-its-history-after-settling-bribery-charges [Accessed 7 Apr. 2019].

What is an Organisational Culture actually?

Organisational Culture defined by Atkinson as reflecting the underlying assumptions about the way work is performed; what is ‘acceptable and not acceptable’; and what behaviour are encouraged and discouraged (Mullins and Christy, 2016).

In this blog I have discussed about the cultural difference and explained about carbon emission scandal by Volkswagen company, in this blog you will find different models used to identify the cultural difference.

Culture differences within an Organisation

For understanding this iceberg model is useful. It helps organisations to know about the internal cultural of the organisation like values customs beliefs which are very essential in the long run of any organisation.

Company for Analysis

(Volkswagen 2017)

Volkswagen

Volkswagen or VW shorter is a German automobile giant which was founded by German Labour Front in the year 1937. VW is now the largest automobile company in the world (BBC news 2018). It employs 642.3 thousand people. and has a sales revenue of €230.7 billion and has an operating profit of €17.0 billion (Volkswagen 2017).

Cultural Differences in VW

The auto manufacturer had been caught having installed ‘defeat devices’ in 482,000 of its diesel vehicles in the US, a number that was later revealed to be 11 million worldwide. The devices detected when a car was being driven under emissions test conditions and only at that point turned on emission controls. They switched off during normal driving, meaning that performance improved while up to 40 times more nitrous oxide was released (EPA, 2015).

(Sideways Thoughts, 2019)

The problem with the Volkswagen happened that they the values and beleifs according to the schein’s level of culture. They took organisational goals over values and trust of the customers of Volkswagen.

Deal and Kennedy’s model of Organisational Culture

According to the Deal and Kennedy’s model of the organisational culture the Volkswagen comes under the tough guy, macho culture block as they risk huge customers trust, value and ethics of the Business culture (Deal and Kennedy 1982).

(BBC News, 2019)

Volkswagen was the company which was known as the ‘an example of universal values such as integrity, responsibility, and respect for people and the environment’ (CSR Europe, 2013).

The company which once proclaimed the importance of resource conservation, climate protection and emissions reduction (Volkswagen, 2014)

Effects of cultural Difference

Environmently friendly company ended up paying the highest amount of fine in the US which was $4.3 billion in diesel settlement (U.S., 2019).

Kevan Scholes cultural web tells us that the Volkswagen was power structure was uses illicitly by the higher management that effected in the carbon emission scandal which resulted in loss and huge market reputation of the company

Charter statement

Organizations should work in a way which could be beneficial to the customers as well as the could benefit the environment. The automobile industry is among the major pollutants of the environment so if any company wants to pollute it will prove to be a loser in the market. Now, VW even after the scandal they are at the lead in the automobile industry. Now their carbon emission has been reduced to 130 g CO2/km (Volkswagen, 2018)(excluding Bentley and Lamborghini). The company is now constantly working on sustainability to get to the heart of the customers. And get reputation back.

They are themselves examples to the other majors that even after such a big scandal a company has maintained its position in the market.

Now let’s get to the question, “Can cultures be managed within organizations?”

I think yes, would it be easy I guess not.

It may take some time, but we have to understand what is our organizational culture is to get the better out of it. If any company ignore the organizational culture it would lead that to the disastrous outcomes.

References

BBC News. (2019). Volkswagen: The scandal explained. [online] Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-34324772 [Accessed 14 Mar. 2019].

BBC News. (2019). Who’s the world’s biggest carmaker?. [online] Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-43028005 [Accessed 14 Mar. 2019].

CSR Europe (2013) Volkswagen wins international sustainability award, CSR Europe, 9 January 2013, online: http://www. csreurope. org/volkswagen-wins-internationalsustainability-award#. Vhr1x_mqqko

Deal, K. (1982) Corporate Cultures: The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life. fourth edn.: Penguin

EPA (2015) EPA, California notify Volkswagen of Clean Air Act violations / Carmaker allegedly used software that circumvents emissions testing for certain air pollutants, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Press Release 18 September 2015. Online: http://yosemite. epa. gov/opa/admpress. 23 nsf/21b8983ffa5d0e4685257dd4006b85e2/dfc8e33b5ab162b985257ec40057813b!Op enDocument

Leadershipcentre.org.uk. (2019). Cultural Web | Art of change making. [online] Available at:

Cultural Web

[Accessed 10 Apr. 2019].

Management, O., Innovation, S. and Cultural Web – Johnson and Scholes, 1. (2019). The Cultural Web Model – BusinessBalls.com. [online] Businessballs.com. Available at: https://www.businessballs.com/strategy-innovation/cultural-web-johnson-scholes/ [Accessed 3 Apr. 2019].

McKinsey. n.d. Carbon dioxide emissions of selected OEMs and brands in Europe in 2012 (in g CO2/km). Statista. Accessed April 3, 2019. Available from https://www.statista.com/statistics/640439/co2-emissions-selected-oems-and-brands-europe/.

Mullins, L. and Christy, G. (2016). Management & organisational behaviour. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.

Rhodes, C. (2016). Democratic Business Ethics: Volkswagen’s Emissions Scandal and the Disruption of Corporate Sovereignty. Organization Studies, 37(10), pp.1501-1518.

U.S. (2019). U.S. indicts six as Volkswagen agrees to $4.3 billion diesel…. [online] Available at: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-volkswagen-emissions-epa-idUSKBN14V1T0 [Accessed 14 Mar. 2019].

Hellriegel, D., Jackson, S.E. and Slocum, J. W., Jr., Management, Eighth Edition, South-Western Publishing (1998), p. 6. Reprinted with the permission of South-Western,
a division of Thomson Learning (www.thomsonrights.com / Fax: 800-730-2215)

Annualreport2017.volkswagenag.com. (2019). Volkswagen Konzern – AR 2017 – Moving progress. [online] Available at: https://annualreport2017.volkswagenag.com/ [Accessed 14 Mar. 2019].

Sideways Thoughts. (2019). Organisational culture defined, courtesy of Edgar Schein. [online] Available at:

Organisational culture defined, courtesy of Edgar Schein

[Accessed 14 Mar. 2019].

Contemporary Leadership Styles: How relevant are they in today’s changing world?

What is leadership?

Leadership is commonly known a term, but it has many diverse meanings, it has been said that like beauty, you will know leadership when you see it. It means that leaders and leadership defined in the eye of the beholder (Western 2007).

Leadership styles

Leadership styles is a way in which the functions of leadership are carried out (Mullins and Christy, 2016).

Different kinds of leadership styles

1.    Authoritarian(autocratic) leadership.

2.    Democratic leadership.

3.    Laissez-faire leadership.

In Autocratic the focus of the power is with the leader.

In Democratic the focus of power with more with the group.

In Laissez-faire the leader gives powers to the subordinates to take actions accordingly (Mullins and Christy, 2016).

(Blog.innocentive.com, 2019)

Feminine leadership

Female leadership have changed drastically from last century it is totally different scenario as of now. Today women have been employed in nearly every sector like medical, business and other possible places (Hoffman 1970).

(Women Love Tech, 2019)

When it comes to women leading the society was very harsh as compared to men. But it was all previous thinking now in a modern world the women are leading with great enthusiasm and lot of endeavour, as there are some modern women leaders like PM of UK Theresa May, chancellor of Germany Angela Markel, PM of New Zealand Jacinda Ardern. These are some examples of women leaders, who has achieved a great position, some other business worlds examples could be Indira Nooyi was ex CEO PepsiCo. Marillyn Hewson is the most powerful women on earth according to fortune 2019. 

Now let’s move to Asian Leadership

So, when we speak about the Asian leadership it’s always a bit complicated than the western style of leadership. Asian leadership is mostly based on family oriented. Now for this let take example of Reliance India ltd the largest company in the India but when comes to the choice of the next CEO or chairman of the company its always the family Dhirubhai Ambani distributes his company among his two sons Anil Ambani and Mukesh Ambani, now let see another example of TATA group of India the conglomerate runs from 1868 (TATA 2019) but when the choice of next leader the family comes first, now lets see one more Li Ka-Shing of Hutchison Whampoa-Cheung Kong is a Chinese giant with different areas of business like IT, security, telecommunications. Li who created this big environment now handing over to his two sons, in Asia the examples of these kinds are easily available in abundance as this the culture there (HBS Working Knowledge, 2019).

Now let’s see the difference of Asia as to western culture

There are different types of leadership in a western culture which are as follows:

•    Directive

•    Participative

•    Empowering

•    Charismatic

•    Celebrity (superstar)

These are 5 kinds of leadership styles in western culture but when we look at the Asian perspective there is only one major style which is directive style. The higher position always just direct the lower position commands which they need to follow even if they wish or not. They even don’t have any voice in Asian culture (HBS Working Knowledge, 2019).

One more major difference in Asian culture is deep political involvement in business. In Asia, the big corporates play a major role in country politics which is really opposite in the west there is separate entity corporates don’t play any role in the decisions of the government (HBS Working Knowledge, 2019).

But now the by the education some leaders like Narayan Murthy of Infosys, Stan Shih of Acer highly educated CEO’s creating an environment is similar to the western and changing the way of leadership (HBS Working Knowledge, 2019).

My view for perfect leadership

According to my research and the knowledge I gained while writing this blog I prefer to be a situational leader which means taking control of the leadership correct way and correct time, by this I mean that a leader should be of a mixed quality he could be autocratic when his subordinates need him to take control, he should be laissez-faire when his followers want to show their capabilities and also a democratic he just listen to the people who he is directing.

References

Blog.innocentive.com. (2019). 8 Differences Between Traditional and Collaborative Leaders.

[online]

Available at: https://blog.innocentive.com/2013/11/21/8-differences-between-traditional-and-collaborative-leaders [Accessed 16 Mar. 2019].

Bersin, J. (2019). Leadership And Talent Challenges In Asia. It’s Different.. [online] Forbes.com. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/joshbersin/2014/11/21/talent-strategies-in-asia-leadership-retention-growth/#3ca971e84630 [Accessed 3 Apr. 2019].

Fortune. (2019). Marillyn Hewson. [online] Available at: http://fortune.com/most-powerful-women/marillyn-hewson-1/ [Accessed 16 Mar. 2019].

HBS Working Knowledge. (2019). Asian and American Leadership Styles: How Are They Unique?. [online] Available at: https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/asian-and-american-leadership-styles-how-are-they-unique [Accessed 17 Mar. 2019].

Hoffman, M.S., M.D. 1970, “The Modern Woman and the Modern World”, Occupational health nursing, vol. 18, no. 12, pp. 16-17.

Mullins, L. and Christy, G. (2016). Management & organisational behaviour. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.

Tata.com. (2019). Tata group Homepage | Tata group. [online] Available at: https://www.tata.com/ [Accessed 17 Mar. 2019].

Women Love Tech. (2019). The Real Reason Why There So Few Female Leaders.

[online]

Available at: https://womenlovetech.com/why-are-theres-so-few-female-leaders/ [Accessed 16 Mar. 2019].

Western, S 2007, Leadership : A Critical Text, SAGE Publications, London. Available from: ProQuest Ebook Central. [16 March 2019].